ABSTRACT Nutritional behavior during pregnancy and lactation has a lifetime effect on the offspring phenotype and metabolism. Maternal energy, protein, and micronutrient intake may cause changes in the fetal epigenome. Epigenetic changes that affect gene expression and the lifelong health of the fetus are mediated by DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Maternal excess energy and/or insufficient protein intake may lead to metabolic diseases such as obesity, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance in the offspring later in life. Inadequate intake of folate, B12, choline, and betaine, which are methyl donors and cofactors in one-carbon metabolism, causes low birth weight and decreased cognitive functions of the offspring, while increased homocysteine (Hcy) levels lower psychomotor scores in infants. It also shows a higher risk of psychological problems in childhood, as well as neurotoxic, vasculotoxic, and teratogenic effects. This study will discuss the effects of maternal nutrient intake on epigenetic mechanisms and present a perspective on the effects of maternal methyl donor intake on offspring health.