ABSTRACT Nanofiber drug delivery systems offer promising potential for controlled and targeted drug release due to their high surface area/volume ratios, tunable porosity and ability to encapsulate a variety of therapeutic agents including small molecules, proteins and nucleic acids. These systems, usually produced by electrospinning, provide precise control over drug release kinetics, increasing bioavailability and minimising systemic side effects. Their applications extend to various fields such as transdermal, oral and ocular routes.