ABSTRACT Aim: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease that causes significant structural and functional changes in vascular wall cells. It is known that the main cells of the vascular wall, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells communicate during atherosclerosis, but the mechanisms of this communication are not fully understood. PCSK9, on the other hand, is a molecule involved in the etiology of hyperlipidemia, and its levels increase in vascular wall cells during atherosclerosis, exerting direct atherosclerotic effects.