ABSTRACT Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory disease that affects approximately 10% of reproductiveage women. Estrogen metabolism disorders, immune dysregulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation interact in the pathogenesis of these conditions. In recent years, the influence of gut microbiota on these processes has been extensively studied, particularly through the estrobolome mechanism and modulation of the immune response. Nutrition, as one of the important and modifiable factors shaping gut microbiota composition, has been reported to alleviate disease symptoms through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, mediated by components such as omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidant vitamins, polyphenols, and dietary fiber. This review addresses the interactions between the gut microbiota and nutrition through a holistic approach, evaluating the potential roles of specific nutrients and dietary patterns in reducing the risk of endometriosis and managing its symptoms in light of the current literature.