Aim: To analyze the distribution of publications
on intraosseous and intraligamentary anesthesia
in the Scopus database using bibliometric
methods, aiming to reveal research trends and
provide an overview of the literature.
Methods: A search was performed in the Scopus
database on March 14, 2025, using the keywords
“intraligamentary, intraosseous, anesthesia,
anesthetic, dental.” English-language research
articles published between 1990 and 2024 were
included. An initial total of 828 publications
was identified, and after applying exclusion
criteria, 115 articles were analyzed. Data were
downloaded in CSV format and processed with
the Biblioshiny software. Parameters such as
number of authors, keyword usage, publishing
journals, and contributing countries were
evaluated.
Results: A total of 370 authors contributed to
the 115 analyzed articles. In these publications,
187 distinct keywords and 47 journals were
recorded. The peak year for publications was
2024. The Journal of Endodontics had the
highest number of publications, Beck M. was the
most prolific author, and the Faculty of Dentistry
was the most productive institution. The United
States was the leading country in terms of output.
The keywords “male” and “female” were among
the most frequently used.
Conclusion:
This bibliometric analysis highlights the overall
framework of the literature on intraosseous
and intraligamentary anesthesia and reflects
current research trends in dentistry. The results
identify key contributors, institutions, and
countries, and may serve as a guide for future
studies. Furthermore, the findings provide useful
insights for advancing clinical practice, updating
educational content, and improving patient care
quality.
Tumor cells acquire the ability to reprogram
their energy metabolism in response to
environmental stresses such as hypoxia,
oxidative stress, and therapeutic effects. Key
factors driving this adaptive shift include
Nrf2, a master transcriptional regulator
of redox homeostasis and intermediary
metabolism, and activation of associated
signaling pathways. Nrf2 is known to
play a role in regulating glycolysis, lipid
metabolism, and amino acid turnover, each
of which contributes to the emergence and
maintenance of drug resistance. Activated
Nrf2 can bind to AREs in the promoters of
cytoprotective genes involved in glutathione
biosynthesis, NADPH regeneration, and
xenobiotic metabolism, thereby promoting
both tumor progression and cell death by
promoting p53 accumulation. Through
transcriptional activation of genes involved in
antioxidant defense and detoxification, Nrf2
protects cancer cells from oxidative damage
and chemotherapeutic effects. Targeting
Nrf2 glycation pathways is important as a
strategy to enhance the efficacy of pro-oxidant
therapies and weaken tumor antioxidant
defenses. All of these transcriptional
reprogrammings promote cellular survival
by facilitating the detoxification of ROS,
restoration of redox homeostasis, and repair
of oxidative lesions. Under basal conditions,
Nrf2 is ubiquitinated and degraded in the
cytoplasm by Keap1. Increased ROS levels
resulting from oncometabolite accumulation
in tumorigenesis modify cysteine residues
on Keap1, weakening its ability to target
Nrf2 for degradation. This allows Nrf2 to
translocate to the nucleus, where it activates
the transcription of ARE-driven genes,
enhancing cellular antioxidant capacity and
supporting survival under oxidative stress. All
of these reprogramming processes mentioned
by NRF2 in cancer, particularly glycolysis,
glutaminolysis, and redox buffering, are critical
for supporting metabolic reprogramming and
stress adaptation, including anabolic growth
in cancer cells.
Aim: This study examines theses on headaches
in children and adolescents diagnosed with
primary headaches within the context of
psychosocial variables, using a bibliometric
analysis.
Material and Methods: In this retrospective
descriptive study, theses uploaded to the
Council of Higher Education National Thesis
Center of Türkiye database until December
2024 were examined in detail for compliance
with the inclusion criteria, using the keywords
“headache,” “headaches,” “migraine,” “child,”
and “adolescent”. Following the review, a total
of 32 theses that met the criteria were evaluated
using various bibliometric parameters. Data
were analyzed using frequency and percentage
distributions, Chi-square and Fisher’s Exact
tests for relationships between variables,
and network visualizations generated with
VOSviewer and the Kamada–Kawai layout
algorithm.
Results: The analysis results revealed that,
although irregular, the number of theses on
this topic in Türkiye has shown a marked and
statistically significant increase over the past
two decades (p<0,01). Most of the theses were
medical specialty dissertations, with the highest
number conducted within the Department of
Pediatrics and at Mersin University. Significant
relationships were found between the advisor’s
academic title and the diversity of sample
diagnostic groups and data collection strategies,
as well as between the use of age-appropriate
measurement tools and the department (p<0,05).
The relationship between headaches in children
and adolescents with psychological symptoms,
quality of life, and psychiatric comorbidity
was among the most frequently investigated
topics, particularly within the disciplines of
pediatrics, child psychiatry, and pediatric
neurology. Furthermore, approximately half
of the examined theses had been published in
peer-reviewed journals indexed in national or
international databases.
Conclusion: This study can be considered
the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis
in Türkiye to identify research trends on the
psychosocial aspects of pediatric headaches—
an issue of growing global importance. Future
studies, including various databases, publication
types, and additional parameters, will further
enrich the findings and related literature.
Aim: The aim of this study is to examine the
levels of heavy metal impurities in various
commercially available cosmetic products
(eyeshadow and lipstick), specifically to
determine the presence and quantities of lead
(Pb) and cadmium (Cd), and to evaluate the
results in accordance with the Turkish Medicines
and Medical Devices Agency Guideline on
Heavy Metal Impurities in Cosmetic Products.
Considering the potential health risks associated
with heavy metal accumulation in cosmetics,
the study aims to contribute to the protection
of public health.
Method: Cosmetic samples from various
commercially available brands were obtained
and subjected to standard sample preparation
procedures. Calibration standards were
prepared from certified stock solutions. The
quantitative determination of Pb and Cd was
performed using Graphite Furnace Atomic
Absorption Spectroscopy (GF-AAS) due to
its high sensitivity and suitability for tracelevel analysis. Analytical measurements were
conducted at element specific wavelengths, and
calibration curves with appropriate correlation
coefficients were constructed to ensure method
accuracy and reliability.
Results: Trace levels of Pb and Cd were detected
in all analyzed samples. While the concentrations
generally remained within ranges considered
to represent unavoidable impurities, notable
variation among different brands and product
types was observed. The analytical method
demonstrated acceptable precision and accuracy,
as reflected by the performance of the calibration
curves and instrumental parameters.
Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence
of trace amounts of Pb and Cd in both eyeshadow
and lipstick samples. Although the detected
concentrations were largely below internationally
accepted limit values, the potential for cumulative
exposure through prolonged or frequent cosmetic
use underscores the need for continuous
monitoring and stricter quality control measures
in the cosmetic industry. These findings highlight
the relevance of routine surveillance to ensure
consumer safety and regulatory compliance.
Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the
effect of perceived emotional abuse on adults’
perceptions of empathic self-efficacy and social
self-efficacy, and to examine these variables in
terms of certain participant characteristics.
Methods: The sample of the study consists
of 306 healthy individuals aged between 18
and 65. In order to collect participant data,
the Sociodemographic Information Form, the
Perceived Emotional Abuse Scale, and the
Perceived Empathic and Social Self-Efficacy
Scale were used. The study employed a survey
model, specifically utilizing the questionnaire
method. Statistical analyses were performed
using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation
analysis and simple linear regression analysis.
Results: According to the simple linear
regression analysis, perceived emotional
violence level significantly predicted perceived
empathic self-efficacy scores (R² = .09, F(1,
304) = 29.45, p < 0.001). The regression
coefficient was significant and it was determined
that each unit increase in perceived emotional
violence was associated with a .31 unit increase
in empathic self-efficacy scores (B = 0.31, t =
5.43, p < 0.001). Similarly, perceived emotional
violence significantly predicted social selfefficacy scores (R² = .17, F(1, 304) = 64.08,
p < 0.001). The regression coefficient was
significant, and it was observed that each unit
increase in perceived emotional violence was
associated with a .46 unit increase in social
self-efficacy score (B = 0.46, t = 8.01, p <
0.001).
Conclusion: The findings of the study show
that perceived emotional violence significantly
predicts both empathic self-efficacy and social
self-efficacy. The results of the study suggest
that emotional violence shapes individuals'
perceptions of their social relationships and
empathic skills and that these processes
should be taken into account in psychological
intervention programs.
